The 4 Types of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

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Artificial Intelligence - AI

WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE?  – WHAT IS AI?

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the use of a collection of technologies to make intelligent machines that simulate human intelligence, especially computer systems or programs. The term covers the application of a wide range of technologies including Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Natural Language Processing (NLP). It is a term used to refer to systems that are enabled to perform intellectual processes that perform functions similar to humans such as the ability to learn, reason, or discover meaning.

TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Over the years, as improvements in technology keep on changing, AI capabilities keep on evolving steadily. Machine learning forms the basis of earlier AI applications through which we mostly interact with in the current day.

The types of AI can be categorized based on functionalities and stages of development.

1. REACTIVE MACHINE

This AI system is designed to perform a specific task and does not have memory. With no memory, the system has no capability to learn and only works with presently available data. An example of Reactive Machine AI is IBM Deep Blue’s chess-playing supercomputer that beat chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov in 1997.

2. LIMITED MEMORY

This system can use memory to recall past events and outcomes and monitor specific conditions over time. This AI can be trained with new data (present data) or use past data that helps to make a certain decision to achieve a desired outcome.

Examples of Limited Memory AI include:

  • Generative AI – an example is ChatGPT
  • Virtual Assistants and Chatbots – examples are Cortana, Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant and IBM Watson Assistant.
  • Self-driving cars.

3. THEORY OF MIND

Theory of Mind AI, yet to be implemented, is a form of AI that would have the capability to imitate the human mind and be able to understand thoughts and emotions and react to social interactions similar to what a human mind would do.

4. SELF-AWARE

Similar to the Theory of Mind AI, Self-Aware AI has not been implemented and is theoretical. This form of AI would possess super AI capabilities that will make it capable of simulating intellectual and emotional capabilities of a human.